Publication Ethics

NUMADURA: Journal of Islamic Studies, Social, and Humanities upholds the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against publication malpractice. This statement is based on the guidelines and best practices developed by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and applies to all parties involved in the publishing process: authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher (Nahdlatul Ulama Higher Education Institute/LPTNU Sumenep).

1. Duties of Authors

Reporting Standards Authors must present an accurate account of the original research conducted, along with an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data must be represented accurately in the manuscript. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

Originality and Plagiarism Authors must ensure that submitted work is entirely original. Where the work or words of others have been used, this must be appropriately cited or quoted. Plagiarism in all its forms — including duplicate publication of the author's own work — constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.

Data Access and Retention Authors may be asked to provide the raw data underlying their research for editorial review and should be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable period after publication.

Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication Authors should not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently. Submitting the same research to more than one journal constitutes unethical publishing behavior.

Acknowledgment of Sources Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have influenced the nature of the reported work.

Authorship of the Manuscript Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study. All co-authors must have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to its submission for publication.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest Authors must disclose any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that might be construed as influencing the results or interpretation of the manuscript.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their own published work, it is the author's obligation to promptly notify the journal's editor and cooperate in retracting or correcting the paper.

2. Duties of Editors

Publication Decisions The Editor-in-Chief is responsible for deciding which submitted manuscripts should be published, guided by the journal's editorial board and constrained by legal requirements regarding defamation, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.

Fair Play Editors evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy.

Confidentiality Editors and editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest Editors must not use unpublished material disclosed in a submitted manuscript for their own research without the express written consent of the author. Editors should recuse themselves from handling manuscripts where they have conflicts of interest.

Involvement and Cooperation in Investigations Editors, together with the publisher, will take reasonably responsive measures when ethical complaints are raised concerning a submitted or published manuscript, including pursuing corrections, clarifications, retractions, or apologies as needed.

3. Duties of Reviewers

Contribution to Editorial Decisions Peer review assists editors in making editorial decisions and, through editorial communications with authors, may also assist authors in improving their manuscript.

Promptness Any invited reviewer who feels unqualified to review the assigned manuscript, or knows that a prompt review will be impossible, should notify the editor and excuse themselves from the review process.

Confidentiality Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.

Standards of Objectivity Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.

Acknowledgment of Sources Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors and should call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published work of which they have personal knowledge.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not review manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships with any of the authors or institutions connected to the work.

4. Duties of the Publisher

Handling of Unethical Publishing Behavior The publisher, in conjunction with the editors, will take all appropriate measures to ensure the integrity of the published record, including issuing corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed.

Access to the Journal's Content NUMADURA is committed to the permanent preservation and open accessibility of its published scholarly content for research and educational purposes.

5. Research and Publication Misconduct

NUMADURA takes allegations of misconduct — including but not limited to plagiarism, data fabrication and falsification, duplicate submission, citation manipulation, and undisclosed conflicts of interest — seriously. Any such allegations will be investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines. If misconduct is confirmed after publication, the journal reserves the right to issue a correction, expression of concern, or retraction, and may notify the author's affiliated institution as appropriate.

6. Plagiarism Screening

All manuscripts submitted to NUMADURA are screened for originality using plagiarism detection software (e.g., Turnitin) prior to peer review. Manuscripts exceeding the journal's maximum permissible similarity threshold will be returned to the author for revision or rejected outright.

7. Complaints and Appeals

Authors, reviewers, or readers who have concerns regarding the ethical conduct of a submission, review, or published article may submit a formal complaint to the Editor-in-Chief through the journal's official contact channels. All complaints will be handled fairly, promptly, and in accordance with COPE's complaint-handling guidelines.